Abstract: Today, virtual and physical, traditional and innovative, analogue and digital products and businesses come together in an ever more complementary and hybrid – albeit often disruptive – way. Firms need to feel the constant spur of competition to keep innovating: that applies in all sectors. And therefore the European Union treaty rules on competition apply to all sectors – from search-engine platforms to environmentally-friendly cars.

Keywords: competition, anticompetitive practices, digital market