DOI: http://doi.org/10.47743/jss-2022-68-3-1

Abstract: After a short history, the cooperative is placed in the broader framework of the social economy, under the umbrella of which the platform cooperative comes to life. From the sectors of the digital economy within the platform cooperative is used, we turn our attention to that of data. The data cooperative is defined, starting from the significance of the traditional cooperative, as reflected in the legislation. Then, its development in the context of the digital data explosion and the use of this avatar of the cooperative for the benefit of the “producers” of data are discussed. Possible obstacles to the success of the data cooperative are briefly pointed out, and at the end, the European legislator's vision for the data cooperative is presented, as set out in the new Regulation (EU) 2022/868, known as the Data Governance Act.

Keywords: cooperative, data cooperative, social enterprise, Data Governance Act

References

Baloup, J., Bayamlıoğlu, E., Benmayor, A., Ducuing, Ch., Dutkiewicz, L., Lalova, T., Miadzvetskaya, Y., Peeters, B., White Paper on the Data Governance Act, CiTiP Working Paper 2021, pp. 1‑57, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3872703,  [Online]

Brakman Reiser, D., Benefit Corporations—A Sustainable Form of Organization?, în Wake Forest Law Review, vol. 46, 2011, pp. 591‑625, [Online]

D. Brakman Reiser, For‑Profit Philanthropy, Fordham Law Review, vol. 77, nr. 5/2009, pp. 2437‑2473, [Online]

Broughman, B., Fried, J. M., Ibrahim, D., Delaware Law as Lingua Franca: Theory and Evidence, în The Journal of Law & Economics, vol. 57, nr. 4/2014, pp. 865–895, https://doi.org/10.1086/680932, [Online]

Callison, J.W., Putting New Sheets on a Procrustean Bed: How Benefit Corporations Address Fiduciary Duties, the Dangers Created, and Suggestions for Change, în American University Business Law Review, vol. 2, nr. 1/2012, pp. 85‑114, [Online]

Campos Carvalho, J., Online platforms: concept, role in the conclusion of contracts and current legal framework in Europe,  în Cuadernos de Derecho Transnacional (Marzo 2020), vol. 12, nr. 1/2020, pp. 863‑874, DOI: https://doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2020.5227, [Online] l

Comitetul Economic şi Social European, Către un cadru juridic european adaptat la întreprinderile din economia socială  (aviz din proprie iniţiativă), JO C 282, 20.8.2019.

Comitetul Economic şi Social European, Munca atipică şi cooperativele de platforme. Munca atipică şi cooperativele de platforme în transformarea digitală a industriei  (aviz din proprie iniţiativă), CCMI/182, raportori Giuseppe Guerini, Erwin De Deyn, 8.12.2021, [Online]

Fici, A., An Introduction to Cooperative Law, pp. 3‑65, în D. Cracogna, A. Fici, H. Henry (eds.), International Handbook of Cooperative Law, Editura Springer, 2013.

Georgescu, I.L., Natura juridică a Societăţei Cooperative după Legea din 27 martie 1929, în Pandectele Române nr. 6 /2016, (Din arhiva Pandectelor Române), pp. 105‑117.

Haskell Murray, J., Choose Your Own Master: Social Enterprise, Certifications and Benefit Corporation Statutes, American University Business Law Review vol. 2, nr. 1/2012, pp. 1‑54, [Online]

Hardjono, T., Pentland, A., Data Cooperatives: Towards a Foundation for Decentralized Personal Data Management, 2019, pp. 1‑12, https://doi.org/ 10.48550/arXiv.1905.08819,  [Online]

Kanade, V.A., A Blockchain‑Based Distributed Storage Network to Manage Growing Data Storage Needs, DOI: 10.1109/ICSPC51351.2021.9451813">https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSPC51351.2021.9451813 articol publicat în 3rd International Conference on Signal Processing and Communication (ICPSC),  13 – 14 May 2021, Coimbatore, pp. 365‑369, [Online]

Kilhoffer, Z., State‑of‑the art. Data on the platform economy, 2021, Deliverable n°12.3, Leuven, InGRID‑2 project 730998 – H2020, pp. 4‑41, [Online]

Martin, B.A., The Unregulated Underground Market for Your Data: Providing Adequate Protections for Consumer Privacy in the Modern Era, în Iowa Law Review, vol. 105, nr. 2/2020, pp. 865‑900, [Online]

Raport de cercetare privind economia socială în România din perspectivă europeană comparată  Bucureşti, 2010, [Online]

K.G. Raz, Toward an Improved Legal Form for Social Enterprise, în N.Y.U. Rrview of Law & Social Change, vol 36, nr.2/2012, pp. 283‑309, [Online]

Scholz, T., Calzada, I., Data Cooperatives for Pandemic Times, în Public Seminar Journal, 2021, p. 3, DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.12320.51200/1, [Online]

Strauss, W., Howe, N., Generations. The history of America’s Future, 1584 to 2069, Quill William Morrow, New York, 1991.

Tanwar A.S., Evangelatos N., Venne J., Ogilvie L.A., Satyamoorthy K., Brand A., Global Open Health Data Cooperatives Cloud in an Era of COVID‑19 and Planetary Health, , OMICS A Journal of Integrative Biology, vol. 25, nr. 3/2021, pp. 169‑175, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/omi.2020.0134, [Online]

Ungureanu, C.T., Rolul domiciliului în responsabilitatea socială a grupurilor transnaţionale de societăţi în Uniunea Europeană, în SUBB Iurisprudentia nr. 2/2021, pp.5‑52, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24193/SUBBiur.66(2021).2.1, [Online]

Ungureanu, C.T., Dreptul comerţului internaţional, Editura Hamangiu, Bucureşti, 2018.

Ungureanu, C.T., Legalitate echivocă în comerţul internaţional cu date, în Analele Ştiinţifice ale Universităţii „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” din Iaşi, Tomul LXVIII/1, Seria Ştiinţe Juridice, 2022, pp. 7‑35, DOI: http://doi.org/10.47743/jss‑2022‑68‑1‑1, [Online]

Ungureanu, C.T., Contractul cloud computing în comerţul internaţional, în Revista moldovenească de Drept Internaţional şi Relaţii Internaţionale, vol. 37, nr. 3/2015, pp. 25‑35, [Online]

Veale, M., Zuiderveen Borgesius, F., Adtech and Real‑Time Bidding under European Data Protection Law, în German Law Journal, vol. 23, nr. 2/2022, pp. 226–256,  https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2022.18, [Online]

Yockey, J.W.,  Does Social Enterprise Law matter?, în Alabama Law Review, vol. 66, nr.4/2015, pp. 767‑ 824, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2389024, [Online]